Exposure of Lycopersicon Esculentum to Microcystin-LR: Effects in the Leaf Proteome and Toxin Translocation from Water to Leaves and Fruits [* Cross-Reference *]

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Daniel Gutiérrez‐Praena; Alexandre Campos; Joana Azevedo; Joana Neves; Marisa Freitas; Remedios Guzmán‐Guillén; Ana M. Cameán; Jenny Renaut; Vı́tor Vasconcelos, 2026, "Exposure of Lycopersicon Esculentum to Microcystin-LR: Effects in the Leaf Proteome and Toxin Translocation from Water to Leaves and Fruits [* Cross-Reference *]", https://lore.list.lu/citation?persistentId=perma:LIST.Q4G06T, LIST Open Repository, V1
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Natural toxins such as those produced by freshwater cyanobacteria have been regarded as an emergent environmental threat. However, the impact of these water contaminants in agriculture is not yet fully understood. The aim of this work was to investigate microcystin-LR (MC-LR) toxicity in Lycopersicon esculentum and the toxin accumulation in this horticultural crop. Adult plants (2 month-old) grown in a greenhouse environment were exposed for 2 weeks to either pure MC-LR (100 μg/L) or Microcystis aeruginosa crude extracts containing 100 μg/L MC-LR. Chlorophyll fluorescence was measured, leaf proteome investigated with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight (MALDI-TOF)/TOF, and toxin bioaccumulation assessed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)/MS. Variations in several protein markers (ATP synthase subunits, Cytochrome b6-f complex iron-sulfur, oxygen-evolving enhancer proteins) highlight the decrease of the capacity of plants to synthesize ATP and to perform photosynthesis, whereas variations in other proteins (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit and ribose-5-phosphate isomerase) suggest an increase of carbon fixation and decrease of carbohydrate metabolism reactions in plants exposed to pure MC-LR and cyanobacterial extracts, respectively. MC-LR was found in roots (1635.21 μg/kg fw), green tomatoes (5.15-5.41 μg/kg fw), mature tomatoes (10.52-10.83 μg/kg fw), and leaves (12,298.18 μg/kg fw). The results raise concerns relative to food safety and point to the necessity of monitoring the bioaccumulation of water toxins in agricultural systems affected by cyanotoxin contamination. © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. (2014-06-11)
***This entry has been automatically imported via OpenAlex by LIST harvest scripts. Please refer to https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins6061837 for the original and latest version of the publication*** (2026-07-01)
Subject Agricultural Sciences; Arts and Humanities; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Earth and Environmental Sciences; Medicine, Health and Life Sciences; Physics
Keyword Bioaccumulation, Cyanobacteria, Cylindrospermopsin, Lycopersicon, Biology, Biochemistry, Photosynthesis, Microcystin-LR, Chemistry, Proteome, Botany, Environmental chemistry, Bacteria
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