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Description
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Background: The bromodomain (BRD) proteins play a pivotal role in regulating gene expression by recognizing acetylated lysine residues and acting as chromatin-associated post-translational modification-inducing proteins. Although BRD proteins have been extensively studied in mammals, they have also been characterized in plants like Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa, where they regulate stress-responsive genes related to drought, salinity, and cold. However, their roles in cotton species remain unexplored. Results: In this genome-wide comparative analysis, 145 BRD genes were identified in the tetraploid species (Gossypium hirsutum and G. barbadense), compared with 82 BRD genes in their diploid progenitors (G. arboreum and G. raimondii), indicating that polyploidization significantly influenced BRD gene evolution. Gene duplication analysis revealed 78.85% of duplications were segmental and 21.15% were tandem among 104 in-paralogous gene pairs, contributing to BRD gene expansion. Gene structure, motif, and domain analyses demonstrated that most genes were intron-less and conserved throughout evolution. Syntenic analysis revealed a greater number of orthologous gene pairs in the Dt sub-genome than in the At sub-genome. The abundance of regulatory, hormonal, and defense-related cis-regulatory elements in the promoter region suggests that BRD genes play a role in both biotic and abiotic stress responses. Protein-protein interaction analysis indicated that global transcription factor group E (GTE) transcription factors regulate BRD genes. Expression analysis revealed that BRD genes are predominantly involved in ovule development, with some genes displaying specific expression patterns under heat, cold, and salt stress. Furthermore, qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated significant differential expression of BRD genes between the tolerant and sensitive genotype, underscoring their potential role in mediating drought and salinity stress responses. Conclusions: This study provides valuable insights into the evolution of BRD genes across species and their roles in abiotic stress tolerance, highlighting their potential in breeding programs to develop drought and salinity tolerant cotton varieties. (2015-01-01)
***This entry has been automatically imported via Infodoc(ASO) CSV by LIST harvest scripts. Please refer to https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.01112 for the original and latest version of the dataset and data downloads*** (2025-11-17)
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